Eeeset



Sept. 13, `1932. F v MURPHY 1,876,729

PERPETUAL CALENDAR Filed Aug. 28, 1930 2 SheetS-Shei l A T'TORNE Ys' Sept. l13, 1932.

F. l.. MURPHY 1,875,729

PERPETUAL CALENDAR Filed Aug 28, 195C 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INI/ENTOR am@ vw BY 9M,mrm.

A TITO/NE ys Patented Sept. 13, 1932 APnrmir'ilimIpi Carnahan.,

Application md August' as, 1939;' serial No. messa rlhis invention'- relates tocalendars of- 'thetype known asper-petual,v and more particularlyto'mec-lrlanical calendars of "this charac-- terfliaving relatively/movableparts One of Vthev objects thereof-is tof provide a simple,

inexpensive and' easily operable Vcalendar 'of the abovelcharacter( Another object isfto: provide an accuratey calendar of vtheL nature" descril'ed,y in the;l use of which no additional manipulation or# calculation is necessary to accommodate it` fory correctv leap year: determinations.. @therobjects -vvill-'b'ey in part ob= viousE and in part'pointed out i hereinafterr i The invention: accordingly consists fin the .3 features oficonstructionf, combination Yof'elements, andi arrangementsfof parts as Willi be. rexempliliediin; the` structure to befhereinafter described tand the scope: ofl the-applicationsof Whichfwillibe indicated in the following claims. i In the'accompanying drawings in Which is shown one ofithe various. possible embodiments of my invention,

Figure 1 isl a front View of the device; Figurer?b is asimila-riviera of'azdisknorf mally. mounted rotatably. behind the face of the device as seen in Figi; *and Figure 3 isr'a cross section taken on line 3 3 of Fig: 1. y

So-calledperpetual calendars, such as-have been heretofore known, have usuallyfbeen designed tov cover relatively short periods of. time varying from liftyfto two hundred` years.. Such calendars have.=not provided` for leap year determinations Withoutv addi? tional; movement of parts;Y of the device, ory Without. refe-rence Y to tables With i the: aidw of which leap year determinations might be calculated. The present inventionprovides av truly perp'etualqcalendarr composed of two principal parts, one movable relatively tok the other, with the;m.on-th day and year-information so.l distributed and-arranged as to malte possible, Witha single setting of the ca-lendarga direct determination ofthe day of the weel'uponwhich any particular date# falls While, at the same vtimeshovvingf'the calendar for. thevvhole ofthatV year; Thee device also providesthat When asettingis made for a@ particular yearthe calendar disf played Will-be appropriate, notv only'for that; year but, forI every one of-"t'he century-years shown in connection with that year; andby furnishing additionalV slots in on'e'of the memfvb'ers-ofthe device, the calendar can bemade 55 truly perpetual forI av full period of four,- hundred years orlonger, iffdesired. Thus With the-'present device any determination Within the foury hundred year period for Which the fcalendarris designed may befound 60l by inovinga single partof the devicerelatively-:tothe otherpart. R' ferring-'to `li" ig. v1 of the drawingsfthe presentfemb'odiment of my invention will be seen tocoinprise a top sheet'orV plate A` which 65 maybe made out of paper, cardboard, celluloid, or any suitable material, a back plate B, andan intermediate rotatable disk: C.' Thelatter is pivotallymounted aat: itsv center, aslat'l10so`as to be'rot-atable between thevv 70 front and back sheets A1 and 5B; and the front and' backnsheets are soformedorjpropor tioned relatively to the center point Y10 that an edge Iof the disk projectsebeyond the sideofthe sheets, as at 11, providing' easy; means;- 75z fonmanipulating-the device; The operator may; turn the disk.l by simply moving his fingerl fup. or. down along; the proj ectingtedge I thereof.'

The fronti sheet is provided with certain 80' calendar dataas Willnow"bef-described'. In thel upperY partz'of the sheet Aj is a vertical openinglQ/.andarranged uponeither side of this opening` are seven ca'lendarwmonthfor? mations arranged systematically Withrrespecti 85 thereto. These month formations include all; ofV the lvariations, occurring throughout the year,` as they representithe seven Varrange-- ments determined: by' the: day ofk the Weekl upon Whichthefirst dayfof the month 'falls 90 and provide forfthe twelve calendar-'months of the-yearr- At 13 is placed the month be"- ginning.: on Sunday directly opposite,ats14, is the. month: beginningon-Monday andl so' on through the d-aeys'ofthe Week, eachimonthl 95 formationi being; placed alternately, onV oppositewsidesfoff-the slot 12'infa generally stag'- gered arrangement; From `eachfmonthly for;- mation a-:leadv line-andbraclret, asatil, 16, indicatesaA certain horizontal section ofV thev .100

20th century determinations within the slot 19, and the 21st century determinations within the slot 20. Arranged radially along the edge of each of the slots the century number is repeated several times so that century year numbers which are provided upon the disk C, as will be more fully described, may be read in connection with these repeated century numbers in order that a particular year ofthe century may be located by the operator.V

Referring to Fig. 2, the design of the disk C and the data thereon will now be described. On this disk a century-year table is arranged in definite relation to a plurality of different groupings of the year-month names or symbols. As is well known, the first and last days ofeach year, excepting leap years, fall upon the same day of the week, from which it follows that the first of January of any year, excepting leap year, falls upon a day one day later in the week than the iirst of January in the year immediately preceding it. For example, the first day of `January 1903 falling on Thursday, the first day of January, 1904.l will fall on Friday, etc. As there are only seven days in the week there are only seven diHerent calendar formations for the twelve months of the year. By making all of the calendar formations of thirty-one .days

length, therefore, the seven formations will provide calendars for thel twelve months of the year. Therefore, if the seven different calendar formations are arranged ina systematic order showing the first formation with the first day falling on Sunday and the seventh formation with the first day falling on Saturday, there will be provided a calendar for an entire year, each calendar formation providing for one or more months of that year.

Now every fourth year, excepting the years 1700, 1800 and 1900, of the four centuries comprehended in my device, is a leap year and has one day more than ordinary years. If it were not for these leap years, the calendar formation would be the same, in any century, every seven years; but a leap year occurring every four years, a calendar formation repeats itself in any century everytwenty-eight years. Further, starting from any given year and placing the seven calendar formations with the Correct month names appropriately arranged with respect to them,

e5 it will be found that the calendar progresses ievejee in regular order from that year to the follow; ing year until a leap year. Because February has twenty-nine days, the calendar formation for March of the leap year to February of the succeeding year will be found one day later, or one calendar formation further on. For example, in 1909 the first of March falling on Monday would appear in the second calendar formation; in 1910 the first of March, on Tuesday, in the third calendar formation;

. in 1911, on Wednesday, in the fourth calendar formation; but in 1912a leap year with February having twenty-nine days, the first of March will be on Friday, two days later instead of one, andA in the sixth calendar formation instead of the fourth. y

Now, if the years for a given period of time, which may be for the whole century or a part thereof, are placed in chronological order and tabulated in columns or groups of twenty-eight for each century, and the seven calendar formations showing the first of the month falling on Sunday and progressing until the rst of the month in the seventh formation shows falling onvSaturday, are arranged inV an appropriate manner with respect to the century tabulation of years, then by starting at any year and placing the month names of that year in proper relation to the correct calendar formation for that year and proceeding as outlined above, the monthnames for any prior or subsequent year may be, inserted in correct relation to that year so as to indicate the proper calendar formation. v

The years ending in 00 are leap years only l' when thewhole year (as in 2000) is divisible by 100. Therefore, the years 1700, 1800 and 1900 not being leap years, it is necessary to have separate columns for the years in these centuries. But inasmuch as these century leap years occur every four hundred years, the calendar as shown for 1600 will be vthe same in every respect as for the year 2000, or in other words, the calendar as worked out for the four hundred years from January 1, 1700, to December 31, 2099, may be used for any other year four hundred years removed from any year shown upon the calendar. The disk Chas been designed with the above principles in mind, but it should be understood that while I'have found the particular arrangement shown a convenient preferred form of mechanical calendar, this arrangement may be varied without departing from the principle or scope of my invention.

Referring to Figure 2, it will be seen that the disk is divided into twenty-eight substantially segmental parts. Beginning near the periphery of the disk and extending inwardly therefrom, there are provided seven concentric spaces, each space in each segmental part having printed therein the name of the symbol or symbols of one or more months of the year. Each segmental part has lil) 1eme@ month. tabulation. and the eenter ,of the.,disl5v isa lcentury fyear .tabulation and in, its forma; tion, this table also. employs twentyeeight segmentalr groups and fou-i1 concentric. annular divisions, of those` groups.` Thev hundred years offth'e centuryarearrangedinaspiral beginning With the year 00 orOl.atthelouter. end ofthe spiral, and terminating Wit-h the year99for 00,. asthecase may b le,,a.t .the,innerV end ,of thespiral, so ythatfall' of theyearsof the, century will fall ,inf .tWentyfeightv groups of` four` years t0. a, groupl., Vlth",this:` are rangement all; of the .years., shown@ in. any,

particular segmental. group. Wi-libe, foundv toI any particular century. y

TurningtoFigl, theoperation of theideL vice Will nowV be explained.4` Should ;it. be..

desiredtoiind onwhatday of Vthe wveelrina partieularyear, for eXampleVrlul'y/1,1800,

falls, the operatorby Aplaoinghis ,finger upon.

tlfefedge of the diskzivhereit .extendszbev'nd theedge ,ofthe device, and turning vsame sol i that first. one year grouping and. then auf` y longing td the; 19th century,A goingpprogrem sively from lower to higher numbers, or from higher tolowernumbers, moves .the disk until 00, appearsoppositeone of theY lsdsv.- ltributedalong.theedge of the slot. Theeyeare Y,

l month groupingtthen 'appearing `in the-open;-

ingv 12*Wilbecorrect.for 1800, andthe Vc alendar, foranymonthwvillbe connected With, its name. Asl-July;` appears Vopposite the ,endarlformationi wvhich'begins.onfluesdait i 4is, seen. atonce thatilulyfhlwf), ,fallsmonfai Tuesdaymndeyery otll'eliday of the-:year 1800, l is `inmnediately y,determi'nalole by .referring tdK the proper A calendar, formation. indicated ffor.

the-same ,calend-amthesettingfpnovides acomf 'plete Calendarforfallf ofthem.'vv

By arrangingthecentury'years in twenty eight groups, leap-years are taken care' of" and no cli-Herentmodeofvl operation is'needediforidetermining-a date in-a leap year than] for determining Va datel'n any commonyear.

or otherextraneous data.r

have the, same yearly Calendar. formation in other yeaiqfgrouping appearsin thelslot bee- `the said. sevencalendar formations. the monthI containingit.; It Willbe :notedtthat withqzthis Asetting:the-device:shows ,not only, a complete yearly calendarfor the year 180,0,` butasy 'vellfor the years,lSllland l1878-; and. in theslot for. vthe 18thl eenturythe `years.-. y 172 le 1.7479,- and 1777 yfjonthe V20th vcentury .theyV years 1913, 1,941,4 1969,` and- ;139? andyin: theV slot forfthe; 21stlcentunyithe years 202,5, 2053j and 2081. As all of these years haiveexaetlyv the present'iinvention attains allofftl1eends and objectshereinbefore s etffortlrih as et 'io luaetic alv and'y ac euratei manner,T andi' that calendar is V'provided''having many obvious; advantages and whichr may; be easil'y oper# atedfvvithout vI'"ef -`3renoeto calculation tables As .manyl possible embodiments' made of the above linvention Withoutidpiarti-t ing Afrom the scope thereofyfit isfto befunden@ stood that all'matter herein set forth; or'shovvng. in the acoompanyingdralwfings S "C0 l0@LI'II'; pretecly las illustrative yandl not .in a limitingj4 sense. d

I claim as my invention; y,

l. In a calendar of the nature desyeribedgf combinatiomamemb'er having 'sevenmonthlyp calendar formations suitably arranged the on, each calendar beginning onfaldiferent day ofthe Week; a secondmember mounted; for' relative'. movement with respect 'to "'sadf i'rst member and havingthereon the numer`` alsof all' the. years of `a .Centuryarranged;"infV tvventyeight groups with thel successive 'nulmerals offeach group:,forming1` 4an aritluimet,A

cal progressiomsaid 'second member al'afgehaal-'l ing thereon the twelve monthisymbolsioftheyear arranged inl varying combinations 1 twentyfeight groups. of twelve 'months` each,

the. Century-year groups Vand the fm'on'tli'v symbol groups 'occupying predetermi nedf'A relative positonsrupon said member; ,ildCar-ilu" tion means on said first member forpositiol ing' said second member- -so that any] one of said centuryyear groups and'A `eve1y" yea ri of(y that group Willibe visible'andoceupya'pre; determined position ,relatively yto said iist member, ,and v'simiiltaneou'sly .the approp riateftwelve-month groupV for all' offthelyearsg shown Will appear inappropriate relation toi.,

2.- In a vcalendar ofthe naturefdescrbdiim)VJ in combination, a member havinggl seven Y monthly calendar formations suitably.;V are r ranged thereon, each calendar beginningionaf vSaid 'second member alsof havingthereon. the? f twelve monthfsymbolsof .the-year iarra raged- 1 in yvarying combinations inf ai; plurality ofz groups of twelve Amonths f each, the year-flauta' V12e-5i meralf groups,- and :the month-symbol groups?? occupying;predetermined-1 relative positions-2';

vonl said: member indicationy means onfsaid-:S

first. member forl positioningfsaid-z Seeondv".

membersothat anyone iofsaid numeral-fyeamlsoz; n

groups andevery year of thatl group will be visible and occupy a. predetermined position relative to saidfirst member, and simultaneously the I appropriate twelve-month i group for fall of lthe years shown will appear in appropriate relation'to the seven calendar ,foarmations'. i y. Y

,Y 3.,' Ina calendar of the nature described,

in combination, av member having seven radially in a pluralityV ofyear-month groups of twelve months each, withV the numerals of the century-years r. whose calendars correspond arranged also in radial groups in predetermined "relation to, saidA year-month groups; indication-means on said member Yfor positioning said disk so that any centuryyearv group ,and every year of that group will be? visible andoccupy a predetermined posi'- tionrelatively to `said member and simultaneously the appropriate year-month group for all the years Vshown will appear in appropriaterelationto the said seven calendar formations; and means for rotating said disk.

4; In a calender of the nature described, in Combination, a'member having the century-yearnumerals arranged successively in tabular form so'as to fall intol twenty-eight groups, and having the symbolsv of the twelve 'months of the year arranged in different comy binations in twenty-eight month groups, each year group occupying a predeterminedv position on said member relatively to all of said twelve Vmonth groups; a second member secured to and relativelymovable with respect to'said vfirst memberand havingV seven monthlyv calendars each beginning on a different day of the week,'suitably positioned thereon; means whereby a year-monthgroup `on said `first member may appear in visible relationship to said seven calendar formations; and means occupying y a"v predetermined position relativelyto said first means whereby a centuryyear group on said rfirst member `may appear 1n visible relationship to certain century indicia on said second member.

45.*Ina calendar of thenature described, in combination, a sheet showing thereon seven different calendar formations arranged about van' opening through which the symbols of the twelve calendar months may bev made 4to appear simultaneously in appropriate relationto said calendar formations; means comprising four other openings in said sheet, each markedto indicate one of four successive centuries; a lsecond sheet movably mounted beneathsaid first sheet and having-tabulated thereon a plurality of groups of year-month symbols, each group presenting a diferentarrangement-of the twelve months of a'year,

ing so' mounted and'movable with respect toY said rst member that all of the years of four centuries whose calendars are the same may be read at the same time through said four openings and simultaneously the appropriate month-symboll group may be read through said first opening.

vl6. In a vcalendar of the nature described, in combination, a'pair of upper andA lower relatively movable members ,the lower thereof'having tabulated thereon the symbols for the twelve months of the year repeated in a plurality of groups in which the twelve months arediii'erently arranged, each group being Vassociated with a selected group containing thoselcertain years of the one hundred years of a century when such monthly grouping is appropriate; said upper member having thereon'various calendar formations determined by theday of the week upon which the first of the month falls, and century indications covering four successive centuries 5 and means whereby one of said monthsymbol groups of twelve months and four of said year groups may be seen simultaneously in definite relation to said calendar formations.

7. In a calendar of the nature described, in combination, a front member having a slot and a century number adjacent thereto, said member also having an opening and seven week-month calendar formations each beginning on a different day of the week arranged in a systematic manner adjacent said opening.; a movable member behind said front member having twenty-eight columns containing different arrangements of the twelvemonth names of the year and also the one hundred years of a century arranged in twenty-eight columns, said columns being so arranged on said movable member that when one of said year columns registers with said slot in said front member an-appropriate month-name'column of twelve months will register with said opening, the month-symbols then indicating thev sequence of calendar formations appropriate for the centuryyears shown.

8. In a calendar of the nature described, in combination, a front member having four slots and a century number adjacent each thereof, said member also having an opening and seven week-month calendar formations each beginning on a different day of the week arranged in a systematic manner adjacent said opening; a movable member behind said front member having twenty-eight colf'umnsof month-names and twenty-eight columns of century-years, said columns being so arrangedonsald movable member that when nitl one of said year columns registers with one of said slots in said front member an appropriate month-namecolumn will register with said opening and show the twelvemonths 0f the year, the month-symbols then indicating the sequence. of calendar formations appropriate for the century-years shown in said one century slot, which sequence will be the same for the years appearing in the other century slots. Y

9. In a calendar of the nature described, in combination, a plate upon which is tabulated a chronological series of year-numerals in a series of adjacent rows, each row containing twenty-eight successive years, and also providing on said plate twenty-eight columnsv each containing a predetermined arrangement of the twelve calendar month-names; a second plate relatively movable with respect to said first plate and having calendar formations thereon in systematic arrangement with respect to an opening through which one of said rows of twelve calendar month-names may be seen; and one or more slots in said second plate through which may be` seen all of the year numbers during a predetermined period of time for which the arrangement of the month-names shown in relation to the calendar formations is appropriate.

10. In a calendar of the nature described, in combination, a member upon which a plurality of successive year-numbers are arranged in twenty-eight groups, each group forming an arithmetical progression in which the difference between the terms is twentyeight years, and upon which member twentyeight month-name groups are arranged in predetermined juxtaposition to said yeargroups, each month-name group comprising a different arrangement of the twelve calendar month-names; and means movable with respect to said member to indicate with respect 'to said month and year groups the day of the week upon which any day of any month of any year within the range of said calendar will fall.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this speciiication this 25th day'of August, 1930.

FRANCIS L. MURPHY. 

